Cylinder head



June 6, 1950 R. H. SHEPPARD 2,510,484

CYLINDER HEAD Filed Aug. 26, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 6, 1950 -R. H. SHEPPARD 2,510,484

CYLINDER HEAD Filed Aug. 26, 19 46 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 J A? W 3 rwe/wtom flioMrd/LJWJ,

Patentedv June 6, 1950 7 cYIJINDEmHE D Ri h rdefles nmt mlflanqye rapplica-t-ionAugust 26,4946; Serial'No'.*693-,0.08

7 i1 7 aThis -inventiorr relatesa to' f thecooling oiecom- '.srbustionmhamber:inserts m nieselserrginesgsandehas ;ofesolid-.-metal 'oneone side ofsrtheltcenter linecf .adjacentifins.

:Instheserengines it hasibeenithe practice-to-have :1. a recessrentirelyesurroundingethe injectorq- This :-.-has-heensfound unsatisfactory; andzthe combus- $121011 chamber :insert'; which is: theeh'ottest: part of- .mtheiengine; has beemifound to.roverheat. "@By buildingatthe solidrbridgei of metalsandby: spacing ietheifins:veryi close=together,.=a for example A" afrom: center to =center', the he'at from thescom- -1.bustion chamberinsert-isiefliciently carried away 'irThe;.rapidity 'ofilthe carrying awayof theiiheat may be.5increasedamaterially bytproviding-a thin sheet of steel baflle along one side of -the =horiexhaust ports and therefore,being free to dis- As will be seen from Figure 1, the solid-metal .e;.-;br;idseris,as wide fromisideftorside asthe diameter he'sinjectionr and combustion chambers andzithe 5 pith-appeals all-gthes-way-zdownto the bottom? of the-combust n 'chamb nstoethe s c nd-n r aux ba-nk pr fins/s Ihesnare mcf 'thecvlinder th engineblock below theiheadii3-;is-indicated ynt ot: an ada hsli-ne; 2.8. a Theen re pp cfz he cy nd rzhead is prev ded 3 a main-rbalnk f fins, :the finsrilfirbeing-vconhe ed s tJI-IG;S8C011C13;Q 'l hefi s s.- -zt rzeahaa rassas l l. follow; .-gen ra1 the cyli-nden thread, v l Lama's; it-ponducts meaty-from uxiliarp-bank.

msnd 3 ;:inteer wit uth walveestemeeuicles l3 and i4, and then. afterward drill holessuch .,,.as...3tc es -\v:. thecon ectin :metalethra e as p indicat y:mumsrel-9353 providedv the directiom ,of; t. eslen -th for theemai r -.--hea :--ofufins. Y

'Ei finrtfirs en short on b hEsides-bhtherinai atoanost-a ntqmrevideth well 2x4 he .fin

iltheesameihanksi in eerahirppartwith. the ect -ynostr-th bett r t rcarry w a ereheat ail-cm th itoarze tic rfllhefinseficstopsshortof the ini t n-h s rzand in.=iact.--extend vcnlyl-st th bolthossesnfi. wwhilathe -carrying awaynofrheat aim-i herd z zecticn ofn he major fins-hethus-sacris ,3 is a Section taken" sml Psi-9 E wefiee s': .the,-.1 r.0v ipn.p uthemid e-zax hisiloss -ulre'-1.

a Figure 4 -is arragmentarysection taken on' line 4-4 of Figure 1.

Fi ure 5 is a fra mentary section utekenxon ..-l e.i 5.oil ur 1.

Referring first toFigure 3; the cylinder head as a whole is numbered Ill. The passageway H is in the exhaust pipe having the usual seat [2 for the exhaust valve and the guide M for the .-i twe l.acmnen atedhmthe: carryin bf; heat t utheseccsdba s pffinsaficwhichftakes heatrf o lithe..iniwwnn e23.san ath ecoaxial rece l 5 whi h receiv sthe comhust cn-,.chamber, which. f asmc mseei -i the hott st rpartrbiethe cylind rehead.

" We thus divide the transfer of heat, the major bank of vertically arranged fins carrying the major portion of the heat principally from the exhaust passage and the second bank of fins,

exhaust valve stem. The recess I5 at the left acwhich are arranged horizontally, carry away the commodates a combustion chamber insert which is secured in accurate location by a disk fitting in the shallow circular recess It. The injector fits in the space l8 and projects in the usual fashion heat from the combustion chamber.

The fins 25 of the auxiliary bank, as shown in the various views, are of considerable extent. While their size would depend very largely upon throu h th t r at I l a to he combustion the size or the engine, for the four horse-power chamber. The space I8 is threaded in the usual fashion as at 20 to secure the injector which may be of any desired type.

A. deep recess or well 22 surrounds the post 23 which has centrally in it the cylindrical space i 8 for the injector but this well is extended only through a bit more than three-quarters of the periphery of the post 23 and leaves a solid metal bridge 26 between the injector hole l8 and the auxiliary bank of fins 25.

engine illustrated I find it convenient to space the fins about from center to center and to have their depth appreciably over an inch. The fins of the major bank are up to 3%" deep.

I find that the placing of a, piece of sheet of metal such as 29 along the edge of the fins 25 of the second bank, as in Figure 2, will aid in the carrying away of heat from the fins 25, that is by use of this bafile 29 we can get the same amount of cooling with an appreciable saving in mal to the center line of the injector and insert openings, characterized by the provision of a recess extending at least half-way around the in'-' jector opening and spaced from it to provide a post, said recess leaving a solid bridge of metal between the fins and the injector recess whereby to carry heat from the neighborhood of the combustion chamber insert opening, thereby relieving the exhaust passageway heat carrying means.

2. A Diesel engine cylinder head substantially rectangular in plan, side elevation and front elevation, having recesses therein for an injector, a combustion chamber insert, an exhaust valve stem, an inlet valve stem, and an exhaust passage; said head having vertically extending fins transverse of the exhaust passage across the major portion of the top of the head and having horizontally positioned fins extending across a short side of the cylinder head from top to bottom of the head, said head including a solid metal bridge extending substantially from top to bottom of the head and integral with the horizontally positioned fins, and extending inwardly to the injector and combustion chamber insert recesses.

3. A substantially rectangular engine-head for a Diesel engine having therethrough an inlet passageway, an exhaust passageway and recesses for the reception of an injector and a combustion chamber insert; a plurality of vertical fins extending over the major portion of the top of the head from one side to the other and positioned very roughly at right angles to the exhaust passageway which extends from the center of the bottom face of the head to the rear of the head, a plurality of closely spaced horizontal fins extending at right angles to the vertical fins to relieve the vertical fins of a portion of the heat from the combustion chamber, said head having a recess extending at least half way around the injector opening and spaced from it to provide a post, said recess leaving a solid bridge of metal between the horizontal fins and the injector recess, whereby the vertical fins at the top of the head carry away the major portion of the heat from the exhaust passageway and the horizontal fins carry away the major portion of the heat from the combustion chamber insert.

4. The device of claim 1 in which the thickness of the solid bridge measured from the base of the fins to the injector recess is at least as great as the diameter of the injector recess.

5. The device of claim 1 in which the depth of the recess is greater than the depth of the injector recess, and the solid bridge extends from the level of the top of the injector recess to the bottom of the engine head.

6. A cylinder head for a Diesel engine employing a combustion chamber insert, comprising a. member having an exhaust passageway therethru and having coaxial communicating recesses for reception of an injector and a combustion chamber insert characterized by the provision of cooling means encircling the exhaust passageway, a series of fins on the side of the communicating recesses distant from the exhaust passageway, and a solid bridge of metal extending from the base of the fins to the near margin of the communicating recesses and normal to the axis thereof and from one side of the head to the opposite side in a direction parallel to said axis, whereby the heat from the combustion chamber insert will in large measure pass thru the solid bridge to the fins thus relieving the exhaust passageway cooling means.

7. The device of claim 6 in which the cylinder head is recessed to form a semiannular well between the exhaust passageway and the communicating recesses to a depth roughly one-half of the depth of the cylinder head from top to bottom.

8. The device of claim 6 in which a vertical baflle is positioned adjacent the tips of the fins whereby to confine-a current of air blown horizontally across the fins.

RICHARD H. SHEPPARD.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,104,257 Heintz Jan. 4, 1938 2,362,622 Fischer Nov. 14, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country 2 Date 770,483 France Sept. 14, 1934 

